Circuit-breaker.



EATETED MAR. 19, 13G?.

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`REV BREAKBR:

- APPLIGATIONEILED APR. 221905.

BSHL'ETSWSHET l `110.847,020. 1 ATEN11E11 1111111.10, 1007. 0.11,SMYIHE' 0 E. 11.1011110110.

CIRCUIT BRAKER. APPLIGATION FILD`AP11.'22,1905.

0 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

m3415120. PATENTE ma. 19, 1"@0'7, s. H. SMYTHB a; E. ABU1RR0WS @msnmBEHEER.

APCLIGATION FILEDl APB. 22. y'1.905.

e :SHEETS-SHEET 3.

No. 847,520.. A

PAljENTED MAR. 19, 1907.V

RH. SMYTHE & E. A. BURROWS. CIRCUIT BREAKER.

APPLICATION FILED APR.22.1905.

' A e sHEETs-sHEBT 5.

vlllll No. 847,520. PATENTED MAR.K1Y9, 1907. V

E. H. SMYTHE 6r E. A.'BURROWS.

CIRCUIT BREAKER. APPLICATION FILED 113.232.1905

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

UNITED sTATEs EDWIN H. SMYTIIE AND EASTMAN A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

PATENT oEEIoE.

A. lBURROWS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORS TO WESTERN ELECTRICCOMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS,

CIRCUIT-BREAKER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 19, 1907.

AApplication filed April 22, 1905. Serial No. 256.861.

` To a/ZZ whm tmc/y concern:

Be it known that we, EDWIN II.l SMYTHE and EASTMAN Al BURRoWs, citizensof the A United-States, residing at IChicago, in the in the lattempt 'toclose it if there should be a vcounty of .Cook andState oi Illinois,vhave in. vented a certain new and useful Improve-? ment inCircuit-Breakers, ofA which the following is a full, clear, concise,andexact description. f

' Our invention relates to a circuit-breaker and its Objectis to provide.an improved device which will have large capacity in proportion to thespace required upon the 'r'ace' of the switchboard, will require onlyslight energy to trip the switch, and so'will be sensitive to release vb:anydesired strength ci current-within elimits, will subjectl theswitchboard-panel to the minimum jar, and will provide for the' releaseof the switch in any position of the setting-handle, so that the switchmay be automatically-opened even during the movement of thesetting-handle shortv circuit or overload on the system.

Our invention comprises a number oil/*novel features of construction,which can be best explainedby reference to the specific struc-v tureembodying them` illustrated" in the accompanyingn drawings..

Fig. 2 is a sectional side view thereof, showing thel 'arts-in thelever.

positions they would occupy wit the switch open. Fig. 3 is ia similarview, the sw itchbeing. c

osed. Fig. 4 is a 1ront sectional view with the operating-handleremoved. Figs; 5 and 6. are detail views illustrating the collapsibletoggle-wedgeI connected' by the .operating- Fig. 7 is a detail viewillustrating the manner in' which the lever extensions of the switch-armare wedged .a art by the colvlapsible toggle ltohold t e switch closed.Fig.' 8 isa skeleton view, somewhat' diagrammatic in character,illustrating the trip- Figure 1 1s a perspective view of our improvedcircuit-breaker.

parts ofthe main-switch arms d d, which Vare ypivo'ted at d d to movereciprocally. Said switch-arms are provided with curved divergingcam-lever extensions d2 (Z2, which are adapted to be wedged apart byacollapsible toggle f, forced ybetween them by means of a manualoperating-lever e,`upon' which said toggle f is carried. Said cam-'leverextensions d2 (l2 when thus forced apart rock the main-.switch levers dd-upon their pivots d d',

andso cause the bridging members c c of the switch to be pressed.tightlyagainst the sides .of said contact-terminals c it', 'whereby the"latter-are electrically united. Y

lIt will be observed that lboth sides of each terminal -are utilized forcontact-surfaces instead of only one side or face, a considerableincrease in .capacity being thus secured. We also prefer to mount acarbon .shuntcontact c2 on the front'edge of the contactterminal a. Thiscarbon face c2 is lada ted to be engaged by the carbon face g2 of at 'rdor auxiliary-,switch lever g, Which-is pivoted to swing in a plane atright angles to the face of the lboard and at rightangles to the planeof movement of the main-switch levers. Thisaujziliary switch, havingcarbon contacts, is in shunt of the main switch and is adjusted to-beopened slightly after the main-switch levers have left vthe contact a,so Aas to take the arc which tends to form upon the breakving 'bf thecircuit. This auxiliaryswitch lever is arranged to be operated inthemovement 4of the -manual operating-lever e; but

instead of being directly connected therewith it is preferably connectedwith the main levers by a-multiplying system of levers. As shown, theextensiong oi the auxiliaryswitch arm. g is connccted,'through a coiled'extenslon-spring h, with the longer armJc of a bell-crank lever c. Thefulcrum 7c3 of said bell-crank-lever is upon one end of a link i,connecting the same to one of the cam-lever `extensions d? of themain-switch, while the yother arm kof said bell-crank is pivoteddirectly to the other main-switch extensionarni d2. Theresult of' thisconstructionis that when the two main-switch levers'd? d2 IOO movereciprocally away.v from each otherV both thearm k2 andthe fulcrum k3 ofthe bell-crank are moved" in opposite directions to glve increasedmovement lto the longer arm'lc, which is transmitted, through the'switch the carbon contact g must come to rest against the block o2before the'mainswitch bridging members are completely closed, and Whenthe switch opens 'the bridging members must leave the terminal a beforethe auxiliary-switchcontact g2, Which isv to take the arc, has separatedfrom the carbon block o2@ Aas shoWn,.the lower copper contacatermi- `nala of the main switch is preferably 'formed by the projecting end oi thecopper bar -w'fhich iswound 'spirally around the tripping-magnet core Zand :terms the magnetizirig-helix thereof. The inner end ot thesprally-Wound copper bar or helix is joined to a central copper post y,which passes back through the baserame Z; and forms one ol theconnection-terminals ol' the apparatus. the other connection-terrninalbeing formed by a post fr', passing back through the base from the uppercontact-terminal a. The magnetizing-hclix of the tripping-magnet Z isthus in series with the switch to respond to current through the same.

VZe Will now proceed. to describe the meehanism wherebyT the switch isaritornatieallgr` opened upon the passage ol" excessive current throughthe tripping-magnet Z. in the lirst place it is understood, el" course,that the switch-arms (l Z are provided with strongl springs div Z2 Wiichare arranged to oppose the closing movement of said switch-arms and toforce said arms away from the contacts (L a when said arms are free tomove.

Theoperating-handle e carriesvupon its inneren( a collapsible togglemechanism j, Which 1s adapted to be wedged between the curved divergingcam-lever extensions (l:E LZ2,

extending downwardlyfrom the pivotal axes d {Z of the inaiikswiteh arms,whereby said extensions are lorced apart and cause the up- Per ends LZUZ of the switch-arms to close toward the contact-terminals a o. Saidtoggle mechanism is illustrated in detail in Figs. 5, 6, and 7A andcomprises cam-rollers in m, adapted to engage the inner edges ordivergent cani-surfaces ol said le ver extensions (Z2 (Z2 andtoggle-links m in', pivoted together centrally and supporting saidrollers m, m. upon their outer ends. The axles ol said rollers arearranged to slide in slots 11 n, running crosswise at'the end ol thetraine of the operating-lever e. When the togglelinks m fm are permittedto buckle together or turn upon their central kunckle-joint, thecam-rollers m m may thus move toward each other across the end of theoperatingvlever, so as to exert no wedging pressure upon the le verextensions (Z2 (Z2. Norinally, hlnvevery the links of said toggle heldvbv a spring o in the positionshown in Fig. 7., with the knuckle-jointmoved l'ievond the center' on 'releases the hammer p, the spring which:ie-

the side toward the frame of the lever', :to that increased pressureupon the cam-rollors in m only braces said toggle more iirrn against theframe. 'To collapse said to;f the central joint thereof must be' torcer.the dead-center in the other direction, this may be accomplished b v nans spring-actuated eollap iiig-hamine.v gp. hammer has a projecting lugpf upon its end, which is adapted to pass through a hole in the framewhich supports the toggle to strike said toggle and move the sainepasttho deadoenter, so that said toggle will be' collapsed by thepressure upon the rollers m Im.. Fiv i shows the end p oi' the hammer inthe act ol4 engaging the toggle and Yforcing the Iioint. thereof outwardin position to collapse.

The hammer p is preferably pivoted ron-- centricallv with theoperating-luindle e and is adapted to be normally held under re straint`b v the eleci rom agneticallv-con t, rolled latch gi". lllhen released,the hammer sv-:ings around in the path oi the toggle until it strikesand collapses it in whatever' position it mayv be. lt 'will be notedthat when the operating-lever rocked to close the switch the hammer y)is held bv the latch g, and as the lever continues its motion the springi; acting upon said lninuncr and which is con nected to the lever e,v isput under increasing tension, storing up energy sulicient to c i lapsethe toggle when said hammer shall be released.' As the to( e is wedgednu 'e tightly between the switch-lever arms (Z2 d theiorce necessarv tocollapse tom le will oi course be increased, and incre@ ng tension is`therefore placed upon the hainn i' as Vthe operatingdever e continuement, the spring being connect lever e to be tightened in theelos mentthereof. 'The latch fi mounted upon a. rock-simil'y s, vided Vith atrigger s", adapted r geged bv an adjustable tinger carried by tue swinQ armature Z/ et the tripping-1m Z. Said armature is pivoted or hingedho i zontally to swing below the pole-pieces'of i* magnet Z and whenunattracted falls away vlroni said pole-pieces to the limit determinedby an adjustable stop, which is adapted to if; engage a. .rearwardextension ol' said armai ture. it will be observed that onli energy isrequired l or tripping the switch7 it beine' necessary onlj;r to movethe .atch which o OC) 'LIO tuates said hammer furnishing the torce neeHessarv to collapse the toggle-wedge f.

rthe Ieperaticn of the device is i" t'rrllmvs: To cr se the switch; theoperating i ande e is moved lrr n1 the. pfeitir n slit? Wn in lfir' land 12:. 2 to tle p1' sitiln shui'n in Fie'. 3. tllis iirces i therain-rollers fm m 'et tlze collapsible trigglewedge f upwardly v betweentl'e (liverging cam-lever arms Z2 (ZZ until iinally said carnrollerscome to restlin slight recesses t r' in tlaix h'amr'r'ier striking thetoggle-links m m and.

throwing the joint thereof past the dead-cen'- f ter, `so` that thetoggle will collapse under the pressure of the= switch-armsand allowthe.

said arms to fly open.

It will-be understood that our invention is capable o'f-manymodi'licaticns and that certain constructional't'eatures hereindisclosed may be adopted in circuit-breakers differing otherwise fromthe one shown. Vire do not,

therefore, desire to be understood as limiting ourselves to the preciseconstruction shown,l but We claim- 1. In a circuit-breaker, thecombination vwith a pair of levers pivoted intermediate their ends, of aswitch-arm carried by each i lever, contact-terminals adapted to beclosed by said switch-arms, an operating-lever .pivoted to swing inA aplane perpendicular to the .pl ane'of movement of saidpair of levers anda toggleactuated by. said operating-lever and adapted to be wedgedbetween the ends of said pair of levers to swing said switch-arms ytoward each other into engagement with the 'opposite faces of saidcontact-terminals.

2. In a circuit-breaker, the combination with a pair of switch-armshaving leverex-V tensions, of an operating-leverpivoted to -swing in a-plane perpendicular to the plane ofmovement of said switch-arms; acollapsible toggle actuated by said operating-lever and adapted tobeiwedged between said eX.-

tensions to operate said switch-arms, a ham-A mer for collapsing saidtogge, and electro' magnetic means for controlling the operation of saidhammer.

3. In a circuit-breaker, the combination with a Switch, 0f a collapsingtoggle fm heid;

ing said switch closed, an operating-lever for moving said togglev toclose 'the switch, a

spring-actuated vhammer forcollapsing said toggle', set in the movementolv said operating-lever, and' electromagnetic mechanism for tripping orreleasing said hammer.

4. In a circuit-breaker, the combination with the base, of a pair ofswitch-arms having pivots about which said arms swing sub'- stantiallyparallel tosaid base, and an operating-lever pivoted to swing' in aplane at an angle to the plane of said base, said leverbeingprovidedwith means for actuating said switch-arms. l

' 5. In a sWitch, -the combination with a base and @contact-terminalprojecting .therej from, of a pair of switch-arms adapted to engageopposite sides of said terminal, and a third switch-arm adapted toengage the face vot' said terminal.'

6, In' a circuit-breaker, the combination '-with a pair ofcontact-terminals, of bridging jsii'vitch members adapted to engage thesides 'of saidterminals toy unite them, a carbon face for the outer faceof one of said terminals, a

third switch member arranged tol operate in apl ane at anangletosaid'bridging members and having a carbon face adapted to engage thesaid carbon face of said terminal', and a manual lever connected to allof' said switchl members to operate the same. l

7. A circuit-breaker having a base, acopper switchterminal rejecting`outwardly from said base, a pair o switch-arms adapted to engage .theopposite sides of said terminal, a carbon face forthe top of saidterminal and a shunt switch-lever engaging said carbon face to take thearc..

.8. In a switch,the combination with a pair l of opposing leversApivoted intermediate their ends,I ot' a pair of switch-arms'oppo-lsitelyniountedupon said levers, contact-terminals each adapted to. haveits opposite face engaged by said switch-arms, and a wedging' memberadapted to be inserted between the Afree ends of said levers toforce/the same apart and thereby toI swing said switch-arms intoengagement with the op'rsite faces of said contact-terminals. f

9. In a circuit-breaker, the .combinationv with a base, of'contact-terminals projecting IOO edgewise 'from said base, laminatedbridging..

members adapted tofspan said contact-terminals on both sides thereof,saidbrid 'ng members being Jr'ulci'umed to swing in a p ane parallel.with the plane of the base and a switch-arm adapted to engage the faceof one of said terminals.

les

10. In a circuit-breaker, the-combination with a movable switch member,a pivoted manual operating-lever, a collapsible connec- L. .irc

tion between said operating-lever "and said switch member, aspring-actuated collapsin hammer, a detent controlling the release osaid hammer, and van electromagnet respon-l i sive to excessive current,havingfan armature adapted to move said detent to release the hammer,substantially as set forth.

11. In a circuit-breaker, the combination 'with a pair of opposed switchmembers, ofa

pivoted manual operating-lever carrying a collapsiblev toggle adapted tobe wedged -be- I tween said switch members to actuatethe same, aspring-actuated hammer pivoted substantially concentric with saidoperatinglever and adapted when release' to strike said toggle andcollapse the same, independent of the position of said switch-arm, andelectromagnetic tripping mechanism for said hammer.

12. In a circuit-breaker. the combination with move ciprocalhT towardand from' each other, aUXiliary-switch lever, a bellen ih lever havingits arms connected respe tivelj; to said auXiliarvsiwiteh lever and oneolf said main-switch levers, thev nlcrnni of said bell-c snit beingconnected to the other mairvswitch lever; wherebjf in the movement o1said main-switch levers a magnified me ment imparted to saidauxiliaryswitch lever,

with -t of reciprocalljvacting main- -vers, oi an aiiXiliaev-sWitchlever pivo to swing in a plane at an. angle to said switch levers, apivot/ed manual operating-lever earr *mg part adapted to engage saidmain-s1v ch levers to act/nate the saine, and magniijfing-movementconnec tion between one ol' said main-switch levers and saidanxiliaijj-switch lever; whereby spriz` n neetrd i said oieiating-leverto be put increasing tension as the swi tch is closed.

in ciietitbroaker, the combination with a pair of pi voted sWitCh-armshaving diverging cam.lever 'elitensions7 oi' a pivoted operating-leverswinging in a plane at an angle to said switch-arms, said cam-lever eX-tensions being curved concentric with the. pivot oi saidoperating-lever, calm-rollersl mounted in the plane oit-saidoperating-lever in position'to said cani-lever extensions to move thesame, said cam-rollers bemg mounted tomove erossvvise in the'frame of'said operating-lever, means lor holding' said cam-rollers against suchcrossxise movement, and el etromagnetic means ior releasing saidJain-rollers.

1G. In an electric switch, the combination with a contact-terminal, oita pair oi switcharms, and a toggle-lever 'for forcing` saidswitcli-arins into engagement with the opposite 'faces ot saidterminal.y

switclbarms into engagement with the opposite 'laces oi said terminal7and elmftromaeneiically-operated means 'l'or operating; said toggle toopen said s tch.

tivo main-switch evers arranged to,

i3. in a circuit-breaker, the combination electrie switch', thecombination with a*eontact-terminal, o'l a pair o'l' switelit arms, acollapsible toen-le lor lorcmgj said i l l pivots 'about which said armssv ing; snbstan tiall' r arallel to said base, an oneratinglever pivotedto swing' at an angle to the pl said base, and a toggle carried on theer said. lever, the ends ci' said toggle bei ranged to be brought intoengagement vi, said switch-arms to operate the same.

20. ln'a circuit-breaker, the combination with a base, of two maincontacterminals onel verticaily above the other *projeating` edeewisefrom the base, two laminated bridging members i'nlcrumed to swing in aplane parallel Withthe base7 said bridging members being' arranged toengage opposite vlaces oit said main eontacoterrninals, an a'iliary-switch arm, a shunt-contaet carbon carried on the end oi' saidarm, a cot'iporatingI shunt-carbon secured to the edge et the unpercontact-terminal, downward exten si ons oi the said. main bridgingrmembers, an operating-handle 'l'ulcrinned to' sii/'ing' at rigv Atangies to the plane ol?- the base,` a col apsible toggle carried on theend oi said 'operatinghandle and adapted to be wedged between thedownward extensions o'l the said main bi" ing members to close thesame/against their,

contact-terminals, a movement-multi@lying .connection between-saidbridging members and` the aforesaid auxiliary-switch arm, asprine-aetuated hammer fulcrumed concen triea'lly with theoperating-handle and adapts ed to collapse saidtoggle, a latch normallyrestraining said hammer 'from folloi-vinr said toggle th'eoperatinhandle'is mof-redto close the switch, a tripping-magnet ii anarmatnre'arranged to move' said latch and release sai hammer,` and anenerefieinen Winding 'for `said magnet consisting ott cop per bar coiledabout the core oi said nnignet, the said lower contact-terminal of thedevice being' formed by the projecting end oi said copper b ar.

ln Witness whereof' We hereunto subs our names this 2d day oi March TlEl'WlN ii. Sll/.lYiWil EASTMAN A. BURROWS.

1`Ni tnesses:

GEORGE P. Baaren, 'lnviNG MACDONALD.

